Alaska Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe gun storage laws.

In 2021, The state's gun death rate is 25.2 4 per 100k, which is the 6th-worst in the country, according to the CDC.

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: On 05/05/21 Alaska introduced bill HB 203 that states a person commits the offense of misconduct involving weapons in the sixth degree if the person does not secure their gun "in a locked container, with a gun lock, or by other means to render the firearm inaccessible or unable to be used by a person who is not the owner or an authorized person; or (2) knows or reasonably knows that a prohibited person is able to gain access to a firearm owned or under the control of the person and the person fails to secure the firearm in a locked container, with a gun lock, or by other means to render the firearm inaccessible or unable to be used by a person who is not the owner or an authorized person." No progress has been made since the bill was introduced.

Arkansas Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe gun storage laws.

In 2021, the state's gun death rate is 23.3 per 100k which is the 8th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

New Mexico Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: A

Bennie Hargrove Act

Summary: VICTORY! New Mexico has just passed Bennie's Law. Led by Rep Pam Herndon, Sen. Antoinette Sedillo Lopez and Rep. Joanne Ferrary. It is named after a heroic young man named Bennie Hargrove, a 13-year-old boy who was shot and killed by an unsecured gun.

The state's gun death rate is 27.8 per 100k which is the 3rd-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Any child under 18
Penalty for Death or Injury: 4th Degree Felony
Penalty for Negligent Storage: Misdemeanor
Gun Status: Loaded or unloaded
Safe or Locks Mandated: No, but must be secured so that no unauthorized person can gain access to the firearm.
Exceptions: Gun owners are not in violation for a gun:
- (1) that was either kept in a locked container and was securely stored or kept in a location that a reasonable person would believe to be secure when obtained by a minor;
- (2) that was carried on the person or within the person's immediate control;
- (3) that was locked with a firearm safety device that rendered the firearm inoperable;
- (4) in the course of self-defense or defense of another person;
- (5) by illegal entry to the person's property; or
- (6) with the authorization of the minor's parent or guardian for lawful hunting, lawful recreational use or any other lawful purpose.

Significant Notes: Quote from the Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham, " House Bill 9 creates the crime of negligently making a firearm accessible to a minor if the person keeps or stores a firearm in a manner that negligently disregards a minor’s ability to access the firearm and a minor accesses the firearm and displays or brandishes the firearm in a threatening manner or causes injury to the minor or another person. A person who negligently makes a firearm accessible to a minor is guilty of a misdemeanor unless the child causes great bodily harm or death of another person, in which case the firearm owner is guilty of a fourth-degree felony."

Wyoming Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 26.1 per 100k which is the 5th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Alabama Has No Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: Alabama has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 26.4 per 100k which is the 4th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: However, bill HB 123, sponsored by Rep. Barbara Drummond, D-Mobile, would require gun owners with children to store their weapons in a way that “reasonably secures the firearm from unauthorized or unlawful access by the minor.” Parents whose children brought guns to school in violation of the law could be charged with a Class C felony, punishable by up to 10 years in prison. This bill was filed on March 2023.

Mississippi Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 33.9 per100k which is the worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Lousiana Has No Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 29.1 per 100k which is the second-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Missouri Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 23.2 per 100k which is the 9th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Connecticut Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: A

Summary: Connecticut has a very strong safe gun storage law. Ethan's Law was passed with overwhelming bipartisan support in 2019.

The gun death rate in Connecticut is 6.7 per 100k which is the sixth-best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Guns must be safely secured so that 1) a minor under the age of 18 and 2) a resident in the home is legally ineligible to own a firearm, or 3) a resident who poses a risk to themselves or others cannot gain access.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Criminal | Class D Felony -- Up to five years in jail.
Penalty for Negligent Storage: Criminal: Class D Felony -- $500 fine.
Gun Status: Loaded and Unloaded guns
Safe or Locks Mandated: No
Exceptions: None
Other: CT also passed a safe storage bill mandating that guns in cars also be locked up.

Significant Notes: None

Texas Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
26	Kay	Granger	R	TX	12
38	Pete	Sessions	R	TX	17
45	Michael	Burgess	R	TX	26
46	John	Carter	R	TX	31
58	Henry	Cuellar	D	TX	28
62	Michael	McCaul	R	TX	10
151	Randy	Weber	R	TX	14
153	Roger	Williams	R	TX	25
162	Brian	Babin	R	TX	36
194	Jodey	Arrington	R	TX	19
209	Vicente	Gonzalez	D	TX	34
228	Michael	Cloud	R	TX	27
242	Dan	Crenshaw	R	TX	2
252	Lance	Gooden	R	TX	5
276	Chip	Roy	R	TX	21
309	Pat	Fallon	R	TX	4
316	Tony	Gonzales	R	TX	23
321	Ronny	Jackson	R	TX	13
336	Troy	Nehls	R	TX	22
339	August	Pfluger	R	TX	11
347	Beth	Duyne	R	TX	24
352	Jake	Ellzey	R	TX	6
377	Monica	Cruz	R	TX	15
391	Wesley	Hunt	R	TX	38
407	Morgan	Luttrell	R	TX	8
415	Nathaniel	Moran	R	TX	1
426	Keith	Self	R	TX	3

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: B-

Summary: Texas has a fair safe gun storage law proving that keeping kids safe is a bipartisan issue.

The gun death rate is 15.6 per 100k according to the CDC making it the 27th worst state.

Age and Definition: Guns must be safely stored so that children up to 17 years of age cannot gain access.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Criminal | Class A misdemeanor - Up to a year in jail and a $4,000 fine.
Penalty for Negligent Storage: Criminal: Class C Misdemeanor - Up to $500 fine.
Gun Status: Loaded Only
Safe or Locks Mandated: No
Exceptions:
- (1) was supervised by a person older than 18 years of age and was for hunting, sporting, or other lawful purposes
- (2) consisted of lawful defense by the child of people or property;
- (3) was gained by entering property in violation of this code; or
- (4) occurred during a time when the actor was engaged in an agricultural enterprise.
- (5) Arrest is delayed if the actor is a member of the family of the child, a child shot and hurt themselves,

Significant Notes: Gun stores must post: "IT IS UNLAWFUL TO STORE, TRANSPORT, OR ABANDON AN UNSECURED FIREARM IN A PLACE WHERE CHILDREN ARE LIKELY TO BE AND CAN OBTAIN ACCESS TO THE FIREARM."

Arizona Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: D

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 18.3 per 100k which is the 17th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: In order to be listed with Arizona’s childcare resource and referral system, an unlicensed childcare provider must separately store firearms and ammunition under lock and key or combination lock.¹ State administrative regulations may also govern the storage of firearms in a number of other locations (Giffords).

Idaho Safe Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
36	Mike	Simpson	R	ID	2
248	Russ	Fulcher	R	ID	1

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 16.3 per 100k which is the 25th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Georgia Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: D

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 20.3 per 100k which is the 14th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: Recognizing that 3 of 4 suicides are gun-related, GA passed a law that encouraged the Public Health Depts to work to promote firearm safety. This is a very limited approach to gun safety.

West Virginia Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 17.3 per 100k which is the 21st-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: West Virginia obligates any parent, guardian, or custodian of a child less than 18 years of age, who knows that the child is in possession of a firearm or any other deadly weapon in or on any property of a public or private primary or secondary education institution in violation of state law, or who has reasonable cause to believe that such a violation is imminent, to immediately report knowledge or belief of the possession violation to the appropriate school or law-enforcement officials (Giffords).

Tennessee Has No Safe Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
102	Scott	DesJarlais	R	TN	4
104	Chuck	Fleischmann	R	TN	3
216	David	Kustoff	R	TN	8
238	Tim	Burchett	R	TN	2
253	Mark	Green	R	TN	7
275	John	Rose	R	TN	6
319	Diana	Harshbarger	R	TN	1
420	Andy	Ogles	R	TN	5

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 22.8 per 100k which is the 10th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: Tennessee does not have a law requiring gun owners to lock up their firearms. Some states have policies that penalize gun owners if a child gains access to the firearm. State Rep. Caleb Hemmer, D-Nashville, sponsored a safe storage law that had backing from the state's major police chiefs, including Metro Nashville Police Chief John Drake, but it didn't advance this year. Tennessee in 2013 passed what is known as the "guns in trunks" law, allowing people to keep their guns in their cars. (The Tennessean).

Colorado Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: A-

Summary: This state has just recently passed a set of good safe gun storage laws.

The state's gun death rate is 17.8 per 100k which is the 18th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Guns must be stored so that juveniles under the age of 18 cannot gain access to them. The law also applies to anyone legally ineligible to possess a firearm.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Class 2 Misdemeanor: Up to 1 year in jail and a fine of up to $1250
Penalty for Negligent Storage: Class 2 Misdemeanor: Up to 1 year in jail and a fine of up to $1250
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None
Other: None

Significant Notes: "The bill requires licensed gun dealers to provide with each firearm, at the time of a firearm sale or transfer, a locking device capable of securing the firearm. Transferring a firearm without a locking device is an unclassified misdemeanor punishable by a maximum $500 fine.

The bill requires the state court administrator to annually report to the general assembly about the number of charges related to unsafe firearms storage and the disposition of those charges.

The bill requires the office of suicide prevention within the department of public health and environment (department) to include on its website, and in materials provided to firearms-related businesses and health care providers, information about the offense of unlawful storage of a firearm, penalties for providing a handgun to a juvenile or allowing a juvenile to possess a firearm, and the requirement that gun dealers provide a locking device with each firearm transferred. Subject to available money, the department is required to develop and implement a firearms safe storage education campaign to educate the public about the safe storage of firearms, state requirements related to firearms safety and storage, and information about voluntary temporary firearms storage programs."

Oklahoma Has No Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has very limited safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 21.2 per 100k which is the 12th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: “It shall be unlawful for any parent or guardian to intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly permit his or her child to possess any [firearm]…if such parent is aware of a substantial risk that the child will use the weapon to commit a criminal offense or if the child has either been adjudicated a delinquent or has been convicted as an adult for any criminal offense that contains as an element the threat or use of physical force against the person of another" (Giffords).

South Carolina Safe Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
44	Joe	Wilson	R	SC	2
103	Jeff	Duncan	R	SC	3
225	Ralph	Norman	R	SC	5
286	William	Timmons	R	SC	4
326	Nancy	Mace	R	SC	1
384	Russell	Fry	R	SC	7

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 22.4 per 100k which is the 11th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Kentucky Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 21.1 per 100k which is the 13th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: Kentucky prohibits any person from intentionally, knowingly or recklessly providing a handgun to a person under age 18 or permitting a person under age 18 to possess a handgun, except in the limited situations where it is legal for the person under 18 to possess a handgun.¹

In addition, the state prohibits any parent or guardian of a juvenile from intentionally, knowingly or recklessly providing to the juvenile a handgun or permitting a juvenile to possess a handgun if the parent or guardian:

Knows that there is a substantial risk that the juvenile will use a handgun to commit a felony offense;
Knows that the juvenile has been convicted of a crime of violence; or
Knows the juvenile has been adjudicated a public offender of an offense which would constitute a crime of violence (Giffords)

Oregon Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: B

Summary: This state has much improved safe gun storage laws for homes with guns and children.

The state's gun death rate is 14.9 per 100k which is the 20th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Owners must lock up guns stored in their homes.
Penalty: Civil-- The fine for failure to lock up a gun is $500. However, that fine increases to $2,000 if it is found that a minor can gain access to the weapon.
Gun Status: Applies to loaded and unloaded weapons.
Safe or Locks Mandated: Yes
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: Dealer must post: “The purchaser of a firearm has an obligation to store firearms in a safe manner and to prevent unsupervised access to a firearm by a minor. If a minor or unauthorized person obtains access to a firearm and the owner failed to store the firearm in a safe manner, the owner may be in violation of the law.”

Massachusetts Safe Gun Storage Laws

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None.

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: A+

Summary: Massachusetts has excellent and clear safe gun storage laws.

The state's gun death rate is 3.4 per 100k which is the best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Owners are must lock up guns stored in their homes. The value of this law is that it is simple and takes into account the fact that minors can visit virtually any home as a part of daily life.
Penalty: Criminal -- Misdemeanor -- Up to 2.5 years in prison.
Gun Status: Applies to loaded and unloaded weapons.
Safe or Locks Mandated: Yes
Exceptions:
Other: Yes.

Significant Notes: “IT IS UNLAWFUL TO STORE OR KEEP A FIREARM, RIFLE, SHOTGUN OR MACHINE GUN IN ANY PLACE UNLESS THAT WEAPON IS EQUIPPED WITH A TAMPER-RESISTANT SAFETY DEVICE OR IS STORED OR KEPT IN A SECURELY LOCKED CONTAINER.”

New York Safe Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
134	Hakeem	Jeffries	D	NY	8
183	Elise	Stefanik	R	NY	21
298	Claudia	Tenney	R	NY	24
314	Andrew	Garbarino	R	NY	2
327	Nicole	Malliotakis	R	NY	11
375	Anthony	D'Esposito	R	NY	4
400	Nick	LaLota	R	NY	1
402	Nick	Langworthy	R	NY	23
403	Mike	Lawler	R	NY	17
414	Marc	Molinaro	R	NY	19
424	George	Santos	R	NY	3
434	Brandon	Williams	R	NY	22

SENATE NON-SPONSORS

STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: A

Summary: There is a strong correlation between gun storage laws and a low incidence of gun violence.

The state's gun death rate is 5.4 per 100k which is the 4th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: New York law requires locking a gun in a safe storage depository, defined as a container that is incapable of being unlocked without a key or combination lock, or use of a trigger lock when not carried or under the immediate possession or control of the owner if the owner:
- lives with someone who is under sixteen years of age;⁶
- knows or has reason to know that a person under sixteen years of age is likely to gain access to the gun;⁷ or
- knows or has reason to know that a person the owner lives with is prohibited from possessing a gun because of an extreme risk protection order or other protective order, a felony conviction, a mental health adjudication or commitment, or a conviction for a serious misdemeanor (Giffords).
Penalty: Criminal -- Misdemeanor -- Fine up to $1,000 and up to one year in prison.
Gun Status: Applies to loaded and unloaded weapons.
Safe or Locks Mandated: Yes
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Hawaii Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: B-

Summary: This state has good safe gun storage laws pertaining to kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 4.8 per 100k which is the 2nd best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Owners are prohibited from storing firearms on property they own when a person under 18 is likely to gain access. If the firearm is locked up or stored in a place that a reasonable person would deem secure or they are carrying the weapon -- they are exempt.
Penalty: Criminal -- Misdemeanor -In Hawaii law, misdemeanors are punishable by up to one year in prison and a fine of up to $2,000.
Gun Status: Applies to loaded and unloaded weapons.
Safe or Locks Mandated: No
Exceptions:
- The firearm is kept in a securely locked box or container or in a location that a reasonable person would believe to be secure; or
- The firearm is carried on the person or within such close proximity thereto that the person readily can retrieve and use it as if it were carried on the person.¹

Significant Notes: Under state law, a person commits the offense of “criminally negligent storage of a firearm” when a minor obtains a firearm as a result of the person’s violation of state law.² Criminally negligent storage of a firearm is a misdemeanor.³ If the minor obtains the firearm as a result of unlawful entry to any premises by any person, the owner of the firearm is not criminally liable (Giffords)

New Jersey Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: B

Summary: This state has good safe gun storage laws for homes with guns and kids.

The state's gun death rate is 5.2 per 100k which is the 3rd best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Owners are prohibited from storing firearms on property they own when a person under 16 is likely to gain access. If the firearm is locked up or stored in a place that a reasonable person would deem secure.
Penalty: Criminal -- Misdemeanor -- Fines and up to one year in prison.
Gun Status: Applies only to loaded weapons.
Safe or Locks Mandated: No
Exceptions: If the minor breaks into the home and steals a gun, this is not a crime.

Significant Notes: Dealers must display these notices:

“IT IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE, PUNISHABLE BY A FINE AND IMPRISONMENT, FOR AN ADULT TO LEAVE A LOADED FIREARM WITHIN EASY ACCESS OF A MINOR.”

“KEEP NEW JERSEY FIREARMS SAFE. TO ENCOURAGE NEW JERSEY GUN OWNERS TO STORE THEIR FIREARMS SAFELY, THE STATE IS OFFERING A $5 INSTANT REBATE WHEN YOU PURCHASE A COMPATIBLE TRIGGER LOCK ALONG WITH YOUR FIREARM. REMEMBER–THE USE OF A TRIGGER LOCK IS ONLY ONE ASPECT OF RESPONSIBLE FIREARM STORAGE. FIREARMS SHOULD BE STORED, UNLOADED AND LOCKED IN A LOCATION THAT IS BOTH SEPARATE FROM THEIR AMMUNITION AND INACCESSIBLE TO CHILDREN. NEW JERSEY’S FAMILIES AND CHILDREN ARE PRECIOUS–KEEP THEM SAFE!!”

Rhode Island Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: B-

Summary: This state has decent gun storage laws.

The state's gun death rate is 5.6 per 100k which is the 5th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: The law states the following: A person who stores or leaves on premises under his or her control a loaded firearm and who knows or reasonably should know that a child (up to age of 16) is likely to gain access to the firearm without the permission of the child's parent or guardian, and the child obtains access to the firearm and causes injury to himself or herself or any other person with the firearm, is guilty of the crime of criminal storage of a firearm.

Penalty: Criminal--Upon conviction, the gun owner, "shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000) or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both. For purposes of this section, a "child" is defined as any person who has not attained the age of sixteen (16) years."
Gun Status: Only applies to loaded firearms
Safe or Locks Mandated: No
Exceptions:
- (1) The child obtains the firearm as a result of an illegal entry of any premises by any person or illegal taking of the firearm from the premises of the owner without permission of the owner;
- (2) The firearm is kept in a locked container or in a location which a reasonable person would believe to be secured;
- (3) The firearm is carried on the person or within such a close proximity so that the individual can readily retrieve and use the firearm as if carried on the person;
- (4) The firearm is locked with a locking device;
- (5) The child obtains or obtains and discharges the firearm in a lawful act of self-defense or defense of another person;
- (6) The person who keeps a loaded firearm on any premises which is under his or her custody or control has no reasonable expectations, based on objective facts and circumstances, that a child is likely to be present on the premises.
- (d) If the person who allegedly violated this section is the parent or guardian of a child who is injured or who dies as the result of an accidental shooting, the attorney general's department shall consider among other factors, the impact of the injury or death on the person who has allegedly violated this section when deciding whether to prosecute an alleged violation.
- (2) It is the intent of the general assembly that a parent or guardian of a child who is injured or who dies of an accidental shooting shall be prosecuted only in those instances in which the parent or guardian behaved in a grossly negligent manner.

Significant Notes: None

California Safe Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
9	Maxine	Waters	D	CA	43
12	Ken	Calvert	R	CA	41
55	Darrell	Issa	R	CA	48
77	Kevin	McCarthy	R	CA	20
88	Tom	McClintock	R	CA	5
128	Tony	Cárdenas	D	CA	29
139	Doug	LaMalfa	R	CA	1
193	David	Valadao	R	CA	22
296	Mike	Garcia	R	CA	27
323	Young	Kim	R	CA	40
337	Jay	Obernolte	R	CA	23
344	Michelle	Steel	R	CA	45
379	John	Duarte	R	CA	13
399	Kevin	Kiley	R	CA	3

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: A

Summary: This state has excellent safe storage laws.

The state's gun death rate is 9 per 100k which is the 8th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: California has an EXCELLENT safe gun storage law. Click the link for the exact law. Here is a brief summary.
- First-Degree Felony: It is a first-degree criminal felony if a poorly secured gun is used by a child to gravely injure or kill someone.
- Second-Degree Felony: It is a second-degree criminal felony if a poorly secured gun is used by a child to injure someone.
- Third-Degree Felony: It is a third-degree criminal felony if a gun is poorly secured gun in a home with children under the age of 18.
- Note: California also has an excellent safe storage law for guns stored in vehicles.

Penalty: Criminal
- (a) Criminal storage of a firearm in the first degree is punishable by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for 16 months, or two or three years, by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000), or by both that imprisonment and fine; or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that imprisonment and fine.
- (b) Criminal storage of a firearm in the second degree is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), or by both that imprisonment and fine.
- (c) Criminal storage of a firearm in the third degree is punishable as a misdemeanor.
Gun Status: Loaded or Unloaded
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions:
- (a) The child obtains the firearm as a result of an illegal entry to any premises by any person.
- (b) The firearm is kept in a locked container or in a location that a reasonable person would believe to be secure.
- (c) The firearm is carried on the person or within close enough proximity thereto that the individual can readily retrieve and use the firearm as if carried on the person.
- (d) The firearm is locked with a locking device, as defined in Section 16860, which has rendered the firearm inoperable.
- (e) The person is a peace officer or a member of the Armed Forces or the National Guard and the child obtains the firearm during, or incidental to, the performance of the person’s duties.
- (f) The child obtains, or obtains and discharges, the firearm in a lawful act of self-defense or defense of another person.
- (g) The person who keeps a firearm on premises that are under the person’s custody or control has no reasonable expectation, based on objective facts and circumstances, that a child is likely to be present on the premises.

Significant Notes: None

Minnesota Safe Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
170	Tom	Emmer	R	MN	6
282	Pete	Stauber	R	MN	8
311	Michelle	Fischbach	R	MN	7
357	Brad	Finstad	R	MN	1

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: C-

Summary: Minnesota has no law that requires attended firearms to be stored in a certain way.

The state's gun death rate is 10 per 100k which is the 9th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition:
- Minnesota prohibits any person from negligently storing or leaving a loaded firearm in a location where the person knows, or reasonably should know, that a child under age 18 is likely to gain access to the firearm, unless reasonable action is taken to secure the firearm against access by the child.¹ This prohibition does not apply if the child obtained access as a result of any unlawful entry.²
- A person who intentionally or recklessly causes a child under 14 years of age to be placed in a situation likely to substantially harm the child’s physical health or cause the child’s death as a result of the child’s access to a loaded firearm is criminally liable for child endangerment.³
Penalty: Criminal: Gross Misdemeanor - Up to $3,000 fine and 1 year in jail.
Gun Status: Only applies to loaded guns
Safe or Locks Mandated: No
Exception: When a minor unlawfully gains access to the gun.
Other: None

Significant Notes: None

Iowa Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: C-

Summary: Iowa only penalizes the unsafe storage of firearms if a minor gains access to the firearm and exhibits it in a public place in an unlawful manner, or uses the firearm unlawfully to cause injury or death to any person.⁹

The state's gun death rate is 11.2 per 100k which is the 12th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: The Iowa law only applies if the gun is brandished in public. So it does not apply if a teenager is suicidal or a toddler is playing within the home. Here is the verbiage from the law: It shall be unlawful for any person to store or leave a loaded firearm that is not secured by a trigger lock mechanism, placed in a securely locked box or container, or placed in some other location which a reasonable person would believe to be secure from a minor under the age of fourteen years, if such person knows or has reason to believe that a minor under the age of fourteen years is likely to gain access to the firearm without the lawful permission of the minor’s parent, guardian, or person having charge of the minor, the minor lawfully gains access to the firearm without the consent of the minor’s parent, guardian, or person having charge of the minor, and the minor exhibits the firearm in a public place.
Penalty: Criminal: Serious misdemeanor which carries a sentence of up to 1 year in jail and a $1,875 fine.
Gun Status: Only applies to loaded weapons
Safe or Locks Mandated: No
Other: When minors gain access to weapons
- Liability falls to the gun owner when a minor gets hold of a gun and an injury results. One positive aspect of this clause - it includes injuries related to ammunition as well as the actual firearm. Here is the verbiage from the law:
- A parent, guardian, or spouse who is twenty-one years of age or older, of a minor under the age of fourteen years who allows that minor to possess a pistol or revolver or the ammunition pursuant hereto, shall be strictly liable to an injured party for all damages resulting from the possession of the pistol or revolver or ammunition therefor by that minor.

Significant Notes: None

Vermont Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 11.9 per 100k which is the 13th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty: Criminal: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Other: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Delaware Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: B+

Summary: This state has very good safe gun storage laws for homes with children.

The state's gun death rate is 16.6 per 100k which is the 23rd worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition:
- The Delaware law states the allowing a minor less than 18 years of age to gain access to a gun is reckless endangerment. Code 603 states: Being a parent, guardian or other person legally charged with the care or custody of a child less than 18 years old, the person knowingly, intentionally or with criminal negligence acts in a manner which contributes to or fails to act to prevent the unlawful possession and/or purchase of a firearm by a juvenile. It shall be an absolute defense to this paragraph if the person charged had a lock on the trigger and did not tell or show the juvenile where the key to the trigger lock was kept. It shall also be an absolute defense to this paragraph if the person had locked the firearm in a key or combination locked container and did not tell or show the juvenile where the key was kept or what the combination was.
- If a minor gains access to a gun and commits a crime, additional penalties are applied. Here is the verbiage from the law:
  - if the minor or other prohibited person attempts or commits a crime with the firearm, uses the firearm to inflict serious injury or death upon him/herself or someone else, or transfers or attempts to transfer the firearm to another minor or prohibited person, it is a class A misdemeanor, punishable by up to a year in prison and a $2,300 fine. Id. § 1456(c)(2). Otherwise, it is a class B misdemeanor, punishable by up to six months in prison and up to a $1,150 fine.
Penalty: Criminal - Class A Misdemeanor -- Up to $2,300 fine and up to one year in jail.
Gun Status: Applies to loaded or unloaded weapons
Safe or Locks Mandated: Yes.
Other: When minors gain access to weapons
Exceptions: Gun owners will not be charged if they lock up their weapons.

Significant Notes: None

Wisconsin Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: C

Summary: This state has limited safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 13 per 100k which is the 15th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: The Wisconsin law states: Leaving or storing a loaded firearm within the reach or easy access of a child.
- (1) In this section, “child" means a person who has not attained the age of 14 years.
- (2) Whoever recklessly stores or leaves a loaded firearm within the reach or easy access of a child is guilty of a Class A misdemeanor if all of the following occur:
  
  (a) A child obtains the firearm without the lawful permission of his or her parent or guardian or the person having charge of the child.
  
  (b) The child under par. (a) discharges the firearm and the discharge causes bodily harm or death to himself, herself, or another.
Penalty: Whoever recklessly stores or leaves a loaded firearm within the reach or easy access of a child is guilty of a Class C misdemeanor if all of the following occur:
(a) A child obtains the firearm without the lawful permission of his or her parent or guardian or the person having charge of the child.

(b) The child under par. (a) possesses or exhibits the firearm in a public place or in violation of s. 941.20.
Gun Status: Only applies to loaded firearms
Safe or Locks Mandated: Not specified
Exceptions:Subsections (2) and (3) do not apply under any of the following circumstances:
- (a) The firearm is stored or left in a securely locked box or container or in a location that a reasonable person would believe to be secure.
- (b) The firearm is securely locked with a trigger lock.
- (c) The firearm is left on the person's body or in such proximity to the person's body that he or she could retrieve it as easily and quickly as if carried on his or her body.
- (d) The person is a peace officer or a member of the armed forces or national guard and the child obtains the firearm during or incidental to the performance of the person's duties. Notwithstanding s. 939.22 (22), for purposes of this paragraph, a peace officer does not include a commission warden who is not a state-certified commission warden.
- (e) The child obtains the firearm as a result of an illegal entry by any person.
- (f) The child gains access to a loaded firearm and uses it in the lawful exercise of a privilege under s. 939.48.
- (g) The person who stores or leaves a loaded firearm reasonably believes that a child is not likely to be present where the firearm is stored or left.
- (h) The firearm is rendered inoperable by the removal of an essential component of the firing mechanism such as the bolt in a breech-loading firearm.

Significant Notes: None

Nebraska Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 10.3 per 100k which is the 10th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Other: None

Significant Notes: Nebraska does prohibit any person from knowingly and intentionally transferring or attempting to transfer the possession of a firearm to a juvenile (a person under age 18).¹

However, this section does not apply to the transfer of a rifle or shotgun:

From a person related to the juvenile within the second degree of consanguinity or affinity if express permission has been obtained from the juvenile’s parent or guardian prior to transfer;
For a legitimate and lawful sporting purpose; or
To a juvenile who is under direct adult supervision in an appropriate educational program (Giffords).

Washington Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: B-

Summary: This state has good safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 11.2 per 100k which is the 11th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: No one is compelled by law to store their gun safely. The new law established in 2019 doesn’t directly require that a firearm be stored in a particular place or in a particular way. But if your firearm is not in secure storage, and you knew or reasonably should have known that the firearm could be accessed by someone who is prohibited from possessing a firearm, such as a child, under some circumstances, you may be charged with a crime.
Penalty: Effective July 1, 2019, a person who fails to securely store a firearm could be charged with a Class C felony (Up to $10,000 and five years in jail) if a person who is legally ineligible to possess a firearm uses it to injure or kill themselves or someone else. Effective July 1, 2019, a person who fails to securely store a firearm could be charged with a gross misdemeanor if a prohibited person discharges it and uses the firearm:
1. In a way that shows intent to intimidate someone or that warrants alarm for the safety of others, or
2. In the commission of a crime.
Gun Status: Loaded or Unloaded
Safe or Locks Mandated: No mandate for guns to be locked. Gun dealers have to offer to sell a lock with every firearm sale and post a warning that criminal liability may result from poorly securing a firearm.
- Failure to post the sign results in a class 1 civil infraction and the dealer could be fined up to $250.
Exceptions
- 1. If the firearm was in secure gun storage or was secured with a trigger lock or similar device; or
- 2. If the person is ineligible to possess because of age but the access is with parental permission and under adult supervision; or
- 3. In cases of self-defense; or
- 4. If the person who is ineligible to possess the firearm:
  - Obtains it through unlawful entry, and
  - The unauthorized access or theft is reported to law enforcement within five days of the time the owner knew or should have known that the firearm had been taken.

Significant Notes: None

New Hampshire Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: C-

Summary: This state has limited safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 8.3 per 100k which is the 7th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: The law only applies if the firearm is used recklessly. Children under 16 are in the home. Any person who stores or leaves on premises under that person's control a loaded firearm, and who knows or reasonably should know that a child is likely to gain access to the firearm without the permission of the child's parent or guardian, is guilty of a violation if a child gains access to a firearm and:
- (a) The firearm is used in a reckless or threatening manner;
- (b) The firearm is used during the commission of any misdemeanor or felony; or
- (c) The firearm is negligently or recklessly discharged.
Penalty: Maximum penalty is only $1,000.
Gun Status: Only applies to guns stored loaded
Safe or Locks Mandated: No. But gun dealers Licensees shall conspicuously post at each purchase counter the following warning in bold type not less than one inch in height: "IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE OWNER OF A FIREARM SEEK FIREARM SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS FROM A CERTIFIED FIREARMS INSTRUCTOR AND KEEP FIREARMS SECURED FROM UNAUTHORIZED USE.'' A licensee failing to display this warning to the purchaser of a firearm shall be guilty of a violation.
Exceptions: The law does not apply if any of these six exceptions occur
- (a) The child has completed firearm safety instructions by a certified firearms safety instructor or has successfully completed a certified hunter safety course.
- (b) The firearm is kept secured in a locked box, gun safe, or other secure locked space, or in a location which a reasonable person would believe to be secure, or is secured with a trigger lock or similar device that prevents the firearm from discharging.
- (c) The firearm is carried on the person or within such a close proximity thereto so that the individual can readily retrieve and use the firearm as if carried on the person.
- (d) The child obtains or obtains and discharges the firearm in a lawful act of self-defense or defense of another person.
- (e) The person who keeps a loaded firearm on any premises which are under such person's custody or control has no reasonable expectation, based on objective facts and circumstances, that a child is likely to be present on the premises.
- (f) The child obtains the firearm as a result of an illegal entry of any premises by any person or illegal taking of the firearm from the premises of the owner without permission of the owner.

Significant Notes: None

Illinois Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: C+

Summary: This state has fair to good safe gun storage laws. While Chicago is often cited by critics, for some, this may be a tactic to obscure the more important overall Red state vs. Blue state data.

The IL state gun death rate is 16.1 per 100k which is the 25th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Sec. 24-9. Firearms; Child Protection.(a) Except as provided in subsection (c), it is unlawful for any person to store or leave, within premises under his or her control, a firearm if the person knows or has reason to believe that a minor under the age of 14 years who does not have a Firearm Owners Identification Card is likely to gain access to the firearm without the lawful permission of the minor's parent, guardian, or person having charge of the minor, and the minor causes death or great bodily harm with the firearm, unless the firearm is:(1) secured by a device or mechanism, other than the firearm safety, designed to render a firearm temporarily inoperable; or(2) placed in a securely locked box or container; or(3) placed in some other location that a reasonable person would believe to be secure from a minor under the age of 14 years.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Criminal - Class C misdemeanor with a fine up to $1,000. A second violation results in a Class A misdemeanor which carries a potential sentence up to one year and a fine of $2,500.
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: Dealers must include a locking device. This does not apply to private sales.
Other: When a minor under the age of 21 legally acquires a FOID card by obtaining the permission of a parent or guardian, that parent or guardian becomes liable for civil claims for damages resulting from the minor’s use of firearms or ammunition.

Significant Notes: Illinois requires firearms dealers, when selling or offering a handgun for sale, to include with the handgun a device or mechanism, other than the firearm safety, designed to render the handgun temporarily inoperable or inaccessible.¹ This may include an external device that is attached to the handgun with a key or combination lock, or an integrated mechanical safety, disabling or locking device. Federal law also applies. These requirements do not apply to sales by private sellers (Giffords).

Maine Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: B+

Summary: This state recently passed a solid safe gun storage bill to protect kids with very little opposition from the right.

The state's gun death rate is 12.6 per 100k which is the 14th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Guns must be secured when children under the age of 18 are present. The law states: A person may not store or keep a firearm, as defined in Title 17-A, section 2, subsection 12-A, in any place unless that firearm is secured in a locked container or equipped with a tamper-resistant mechanical lock or other safety device, properly engaged so as to render that firearm inoperable by any person other than the owner or other lawfully authorized user. For purposes of this section, a firearm may not be considered stored or kept if carried by or under the control of the owner or other lawfully authorized user.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Civil and Criminal: A fine of $200-$500 for the first offense and a fine of $500 to $1000. It is a misdemeanor under the states child endangerment law.
Gun Status: Loaded or unloaded.
Safe or Locks Mandated: Yes.
Exceptions:
- For the law to be applied a parent must leave a gun loaded or unloaded that is discharged with kids in the home.
- Certain firearms are exempted. This law does not apply to the storage or keeping of any firearm with a matchlock, flintlock, percussion cap or similar type of ignition system manufactured prior to 1900 or any replica of any such firearm if the replica is not designed or redesigned for using rimfire or conventional centerfire fixed ammunition.
- Certain locations are exempted. This section does not apply to the storage or keeping of any firearm in a location where no person under 18 years of age resides and where no person resides who is prohibited from possessing a firearm under Title 15, section 393, except that this section does apply to a location where child care, as defined in Title 22, section 3731, subsection 1, is provided.

Significant Notes: None

Virginia Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: C

Summary: This state has good safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 14.3 per 100k which is the 18th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition:
- 1) It shall be unlawful for any person to recklessly leave a loaded, unsecured firearm in such a manner as to endanger the life or limb of any child under the age of fourteen.
- 2) It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to authorize a child under the age of twelve to use a firearm except when the child is under the supervision of an adult.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Criminal- Class 1 Misdemeanor - For Class 1 misdemeanors, confinement in jail for not more than twelve months and a fine of not more than $2,500, either or both.
Gun Status: Only applies to loaded weapons
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Other: None

Significant Notes: None

Pennsylvania Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: D-

Summary: This state has very limited safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 14.8 per 100k which is the 20th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: Pennsylvania law prohibits a licensed firearms dealer from transferring a handgun or short-barreled rifle or shotgun unless he or she provides the transferee with a locking device, the transferee purchases a locking device, or the design of the handgun incorporates a locking device.¹ “Locking device” is defined as either: 1) a device that, when installed on a firearm, is designed to prevent the firearm from being operated without first deactivating the device; or 2) a device that is incorporated into the design of a firearm and that is designed to prevent the operation of the firearm by anyone not having access to the device (Giffords)
Other: None

Significant Notes: None

Michigan Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: A

Summary: This state has very limited safe storage, child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 12.1 per 100k which is the 20th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition:
- (1) An individual who stores or leaves a firearm unattended on premises under the individual’s control,
  and who knows or reasonably should know that a minor is, or is likely to be, present on the premises, shall do
  1 or more of the following:
  - (a) Store the firearm in a locked box or container.
  - (b) Keep the firearm unloaded and lock the firearm with a locking device that is properly engaged to render
    the firearm inoperable by any individual other than the owner or an authorized user.
- (2) An individual who enters onto the premises of another individual, stores or leaves a firearm unattended
  on those premises, and who knows or reasonably should know that a minor is, or is likely to be, present on the
  premises, shall do 1 or more of the following:
  - (a) Store the firearm in a locked box or container.
  - (b) Keep the firearm unloaded and lock the firearm with a locking device that is properly engaged to render
    the firearm inoperable by any individual other than the owner or an authorized user.
  - (c) Before entering onto the premises, do both of the following:
  - (i) In the individual’s motor vehicle, store the firearm in a locked box or container in that vehicle, or keep the
    firearm unloaded and lock the firearm with a locking device that is properly engaged to render the firearm
    inoperable by any individual other than the owner or an authorized user.
Penalty for Death or Injury:
- (3) An individual is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than 93 days or a fine
  of not more than $500.00, or both, if the individual violates subsection (1) or (2) by failing to store or leave a
  firearm in the required manner and as a result of the violation both of the following occur:
  - (a) A minor obtains the firearm.
  - (b) The minor does either of the following:
    - (i) Possesses or exhibits the firearm in a public place.
    - (ii) Possesses or exhibits the firearm in the presence of another person in a careless, reckless, or threatening
      manner.
- (4) If an individual violates subsection (1) or (2) by failing to store or leave a firearm in the required manner
  and, as a result of the violation, a minor obtains the firearm, discharges it and inflicts injury upon the minor or
  any other individual, the individual is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 5 years or
  a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or both.
- (5) If an individual violates subsection (1) or (2) by failing to store or leave a firearm in the required manner
  and, as a result of the violation, a minor obtains the firearm, discharges it and inflicts serious impairment of a
  body function upon the minor or any other individual, the individual is guilty of a felony punishable by not more
  than 10 years or a fine of not more than $7,500.00, or both.
- (6) If an individual violates subsection (1) or (2) by failing to store or leave a firearm in the required manner
  and, as a result of the violation, a minor obtains the firearm, discharges it and inflicts death upon the minor or
  any other individual, the individual is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 15 years
  or a fine of not more than $10,000.00, or both. (Read Bill Here)
Exceptions:
- A minor who does all of the following:
  - (i) Obtains a firearm with the permission of the minor’s parent or guardian.
  - (ii) Uses or possesses the firearm while the minor is under the supervision of the minor’s parent, guardian, or
    any individual who is 18 years of age or older and who is authorized by the person’s parent or guardian.
  - (iii) Uses or possesses the firearm during any of the following
    - (A) The minor’s employment.
    - (B) Ranching or farming.
    - (C) Target practice or instruction in the safe use of a firearm.
    - (b) A minor who obtains a firearm with the permission of the minor’s parent or guardian and who uses or
      possesses the firearm for the purposes of hunting if the minor is in compliance with all applicable hunting laws
    - (c) A minor who obtains a firearm through the minor’s unlawful entry of any premises or the motor vehicle
      where the firearm has been stored.
    - (d) A minor who obtains a firearm while lawfully acting in self-defense or defense of another.
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: Dealers must include a trigger lock, gun case, or storage container with each sale.
Other: The new safe storage laws do not apply to instances of ranching or farming, target practices, hunting or instruction in the safe use of a firearm. It would also not apply should an employed minor need to possess a firearm (Michigan).

Significant Notes: In the wake of a recent shooting, Michigan has recently passed gun safety laws. Read about them here.

North Dakota Safe Gun Storage Laws

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: D

Summary: This state has very limited safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 16.8 per 100k which is the 22nd worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: However, a parent or guardian of, or person having charge or custody of, a child under 15 years of age who permits the child to carry or use a loaded firearm in public commits a class B misdemeanor unless the child is under the direct supervision of the parent, guardian or person authorized by the parent or guardian.¹ North Dakota has no other law penalizing allowing a child access to firearms.
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None

Significant Notes: North Dakota law requires a person carrying a handgun that is not in plain view between the hours of one hour before sunrise and one hour after sunset to carry it unloaded and “secured.” At other times (between the hours of one hour after sunset and one hour before sunrise), any handgun that is being carried, even one that is in plain view, must be unloaded and “secured.”¹

“Secured” means:

Closed into a trunk or non-passenger part of a vehicle;
Placed into a closed and secure carrying device;
Rendered inoperative by use of a trigger, hammer, cylinder, slide, or barrel-locking device that renders the firearm incapable of firing until the device is unlocked and removed; or
So disassembled or disabled as to be rendered incapable of firing (Giffords)

Maryland Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: B

Summary: Maryland just passed Jaelynn's Law for safe gun storage! This is ana solid improvement over the past law.

The state's gun death rate is 15.2 per 100k which is the 22nd best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: 16 or Younger.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Misdemeanor + $1,000 fine.
Penalty for Negligent Storage: Misdemeanor + $1,000 fine.
Gun Status: Can be loaded or unloaded to trigger a penalty.
Safe or Locks Mandated: One bright spot in Maryland is this law which states that dealers need to sell guns with integrated safety devices:
- On or after January 1, 2003, a dealer may not sell, offer for sale, rent, or transfer in the State a handgun manufactured on or after January 1, 2003, unless the handgun has an integrated mechanical safety device. (Source)
Exceptions:
- If the child is supervised by someone over the age of 18
- If the child accessed the firearm after unlawful entry
- If the firearm is possessed by a law enforcement officer engaged in official duties
- If the child has a hunter and firearm safety certificate

Significant Notes: None

Florida Safe Gun Storage Laws

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Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
48	Mario	Balart	R	FL	26
68	Gus	Bilirakis	R	FL	12
69	Vern	Buchanan	R	FL	16
90	Bill	Posey	R	FL	8
115	Daniel	Webster	R	FL	11
203	Neal	Dunn	R	FL	2
207	Matt	Gaetz	R	FL	1
217	Brian	Mast	R	FL	21
220	John	Rutherford	R	FL	5
284	Greg	Steube	R	FL	17
292	Michael	Waltz	R	FL	6
305	Kat	Cammack	R	FL	3
308	Byron	Donalds	R	FL	19
313	Scott	Franklin	R	FL	18
315	Carlos	Giménez	R	FL	28
342	María	Salazar	R	FL	27
364	Aaron	Bean	R	FL	4
404	Laurel	Lee	R	FL	15
406	Anna	Luna	R	FL	13
413	Cory	Mills	R	FL	7

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STATE

State Safe Storage Grade: C

Summary: This state has fair safe storage, child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 14.1 per 100k which is the 17th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Applies to children in the home under 16 years of age. The Law reads: A person who stores or leaves, on a premise under his or her control, a loaded firearm, as defined in s. 790.001, and who knows or reasonably should know that a minor is likely to gain access to the firearm without the lawful permission of the minor’s parent or the person having charge of the minor, or without the supervision required by law, shall keep the firearm in a securely locked box or container or in a location which a reasonable person would believe to be secure or shall secure it with a trigger lock, except when the person is carrying the firearm on his or her body or within such close proximity thereto that he or she can retrieve and use it as easily and quickly as if he or she carried it on his or her body.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Criminal: 2nd Degree Misdemeanor which means the person can spend up to 60 days in jail and be fined up to $500.
Penalty for Negligent Storage: Criminal: 2nd Degree Misdemeanor which means the person can spend up to 60 days in jail and be fined up to $500.
Gun Status: Must be Loaded to Apply
Safe or Locks Mandated: Recommended but not mandated which means that a person can simply try to hide the weapon.
Exceptions: This law does not apply if the minor obtains the firearm as a result of an unlawful entry by any person.

Significant Notes: None

Utah Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: D-

Summary: This state has no safe storage, child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 13.9 per 100k which is the 16th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Florida law states that any person who stores or leaves a loaded firearm on premises under his or her control, and who knows or reasonably should know that a person under age 16 is likely to gain access to the firearm without the lawful permission of the minor’s parent or person having charge of the minor, or without supervision required by law, must do one of the following:
- Keep the firearm in a securely locked box or container;
- Keep the firearm in a location that a reasonable person would believe to be secure; or
- Secure the firearm with a trigger lock.¹
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated:
Exceptions:
- This requirement does not apply when the adult is carrying the firearm on his or her body or within such close proximity that he or she can retrieve and use the firearm as easily and quickly as if he or she carried it on his or her body.
- Florida law only makes the person who fails to store a firearm in this manner criminally liable if a minor gains access to the firearm without the lawful permission of his or her parent or legal guardian and possesses or exhibits it either:
  - 1) in a public place; or
  - 2) in a rude, careless, angry or threatening manner (Giffords).

Significant Notes: Some limited locations may have state regulations for the storage of firearms.

N. Carolina Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: B-

Summary: This state has a child access prevention law for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 13.1 per 100k which is the 23th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Pursuant to state law, any person who resides with a minor and owns or possesses a firearm stored or left:
- 1) in a condition in which it can be discharged; and
- 2) in a manner that the person knew or should have known that an unsupervised minor would be able to gain access to the firearm, is criminally liable for a misdemeanor if the minor gains access to the firearm and:
  - Possesses the firearm on educational property;
  - Exhibits the firearm in a public place in a careless, angry or threatening manner;
  - Causes personal injury or death with the firearm, except in self-defense; or
  - Uses the firearm in the commission of a crime.³
Penalty for Death or Injury: Class 1 Misdemeanor
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: Must be loaded: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exception: It is a misdemeanor in North Carolina for any person to knowingly permit a child under age 12 to have access to, or possession, custody, or use in any manner of any firearm, whether loaded or unloaded, unless the person has the permission of the child’s parent or guardian, and the child is under the supervision of an adult. (Giffords).
Other: Dealers must post: ”IT IS UNLAWFUL TO STORE OR LEAVE A FIREARM THAT CAN BE DISCHARGED IN A MANNER THAT A REASONABLE PERSON SHOULD KNOW IS ACCESSIBLE TO A MINOR.”

Significant Notes: In the wake of a recent mass shooting, NC Governor Cooper is launching an initiative focused on safe gun storage .

South Dakota Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 14.3 per 100k which is the 19th best in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: South Dakota prohibits any person from selling, transferring, giving, loaning, furnishing, or delivering a firearm or firearm ammunition to any person under age 18 if that person knows or reasonably believes the minor intended, at the time of transfer, to use the firearm or ammunition in a crime of violence.¹ South Dakota has no other law penalizing those who provide children access to firearms (Giffords).

Ohio Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 16.5 per 100k which is the 24th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: Ohio law provides that when selling any firearm, a federally licensed firearms dealer must offer for sale a trigger lock, gun lock, or gun locking device appropriate for the firearm being sold.¹ Federal law is similar (Giffords).
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: None

Kansas Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 17.3 per 100k which is the 19th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None.
Penalty for Death or Injury: None.
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None.
Safe or Locks Mandated: None.
Exceptions: None.

Significant Notes: However, state law does prohibit any person from creating a hazard, which includes “[e]xposing, abandoning or otherwise leaving any explosive or dangerous substance in a place accessible to children.”¹ Kansas’ child endangerment statute also makes it a misdemeanor to knowingly and unreasonably cause or permit a child under the age of 18 years to be placed in a situation in which the child’s life, body or health may be endangered.² This crime is aggravated and treated as a “person” felony when an individual recklessly causes or permits a child under the age of 18 years to be placed in a situation in which the child’s life, body or health is endangered (Giffords).

Nevada Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: D+

Summary: This state has weak safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 19.8 per 100k which is the 15th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: Parents are subject to criminal prosecution only if they
- 1) know a child under the age of 18 is inclined to commit a criminal act and
- 2) then, they leave a gun unsecured in the home, and 3) the child actually injures or kills someone with the gun.
Penalty for Death or Injury: Felony -- Class C for the first offense and Class B for the second offense. A class C Felony carries a prison sentence of one to six years.
Penalty for Negligent Storage without incident: None
Gun Status: Applies to loaded or unloaded guns.
Safe or Locks Mandated: No.
Exceptions: None.

Significant Notes: None

Indiana Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

This state's gun death rate is 18.4 per 100k which is the 16th-worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None.
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None.

Significant Notes:

Indiana does provide that a child’s parent or legal guardian commits the crime of “dangerous control of a child” if he or she knowingly, intentionally, or recklessly permits the child (defined as a person under age 18;¹ ) to possess a firearm, either:
- While aware of a substantial risk that the child will use the firearm to commit a felony; and
- While failing to make reasonable efforts to prevent the use of a firearm by the child to commit a felony; or
- When the child has been convicted of a crime of violence or has been adjudicated as a juvenile for an offense that would constitute a crime of violence if the child were an adult (Giffords)

Washington DC Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: B

Summary: This district has good safe storage, and child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

Age and Definition: DC Law States that guns must be generally unloaded or secured within the home. The law:
- a) It shall be the policy of the District of Columbia that each registrant should keep any firearm in his or her possession unloaded and either disassembled or secured by a trigger lock, gun safe, locked box, or other secure device.
- (b) No person shall store or keep any firearm on any premises under his control if he knows or reasonably should know that a minor (anyone up to 18 years of age) is likely to gain access to the firearm without the permission of the parent or guardian of the minor unless such person:
- (1) Keeps the firearm in a securely locked box, secured container, or in a location which a reasonable person would believe to be secure; or
- (2) Carries the firearm on his person or within such close proximity that he can readily retrieve and use it as if he carried it on his person.

Penalty for Death or Injury:
- (c)(1) A person who violates subsection (b) of this section is guilty of criminally negligent storage of a firearm and, except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, shall be fined not more than $1,000, imprisoned not more than 180 days, or both.
- (2) A person who violates subsection (b) of this section and the minor causes injury or death to himself or another shall be fined not more than $5,000, imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both.

Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: Unloaded or loaded guns cannot be left unsecured when a minor is in the home.
Safe or Locks Mandated: No.
Exceptions: (3) The provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subsection shall not apply if the minor obtains the firearm as a result of an unlawful entry or burglary to any premises by any person.

Significant Notes: None

Montana Safe Gun Storage Laws

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State Safe Storage Grade: F

Summary: This state has no safe storage, or child access prevention laws for kids at home with guns.

The state's gun death rate is 25.1 per 100k which is the 7th -worst in the country according to the (CDC).

Age and Definition: None
Penalty for Death or Injury: None
Penalty for Negligent Storage: None
Gun Status: None
Safe or Locks Mandated: None
Exceptions: None

Significant Notes: Montana does prohibit a parent, guardian, or other person having charge or custody of a minor child under the age of 14 from allowing the child to carry or use any firearms in public, except when the child is accompanied by a person having charge or custody of the child or under the supervision of a qualified firearms safety instructor or an adult who has been authorized by the parent or guardian.¹ A violation of this statute constitutes a misdemeanor.² The county attorney is required to prosecute reported violations of the law. (Giffords)

Senator's Name	State	Party
Murkowski, Lisa	AK	Republican
Sullivan, Dan	AK	Republican

Senator's Name	State	Party
Boozman, John	AR	Republican
Cotton, Tom	AR	Republican

Senator's Name	State	Party
Heinrich, Martin	NM	Democratic

Senator's Name	State	Party
Barrasso, John	WY	Republican
Lummis, Cynthia M.	WY	Republican

Senator's Name	State	Party
Britt, Katie Boyd	AL	Republican
Tuberville, Tommy	AL	Republican

First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
Rick	Crawford	R	AR	1
Steve	Womack	R	AR	3
French	Hill	R	AR	2
Bruce	Westerman	R	AR	4

Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
23	Robert	Aderholt	R	AL	4
50	Mike	Rogers	R	AL	3
181	Gary	Palmer	R	AL	6
306	Jerry	Carl	R	AL	1
333	Barry	Moore	R	AL	2
428	Dale	Strong	R	AL	5

Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
83	Steve	Scalise	R	LA	1
172	Garret	Graves	R	LA	6
211	Clay	Higgins	R	LA	3
213	Mike	Johnson	R	LA	4
349	Julia	Letlow	R	LA	5

Rank	First Name	Last Name	PARTY	STATE	DISTRICT
39	Sam	Graves	R	MO	6
87	Blaine	Luetkemeyer	R	MO	3
150	Ann	Wagner	R	MO	2
155	Jason	Smith	R	MO	8
304	Cori	Bush	D	MO	1
362	Mark	Alford	R	MO	4
367	Eric	Burlison	R	MO	7